set book| What effects does amputation have on the amputee's body?

The effects of amputation on the amputee's body can be divided into local and systemic effects: (1) Local effects: The remaining limbs after amputation are called residual limbs. Due to the amputation of skin, blood vessels, muscles, nerves, and bones, the residual limb may have some problems that affect the assembly and use of the prosthetic limb. Frequently asked questions include: ① Swelling of the residual limb: This is mostly caused by obstruction of the return of blood and lymph fluid after amputation. ②Tenderness in certain parts of the residual limb: the pain is mostly at the end of the severed nerve. ③Flexion deformity of the joints on the residual limb side (the joint cannot straighten): It mostly occurs in lower limb amputation. For example, the hip joint cannot extend back or adduct after thigh amputation; the knee joint cannot straighten after calf amputation. These are mostly caused by the imbalance of muscle strength between the front and rear or the inside and outside of the joint after partial muscle amputation of the limb. (2) Systemic effects ① After amputation, the patient's physical activity suddenly decreases, which often leads to rapid weight gain. Especially for female patients, excessive subcutaneous fat and excess weight in the residual limb will seriously affect the use of prostheses. ② Systemic muscle strength decreases and physical strength weakens.